Palavras-chave
Economic growth
Human development index
Como Citar
Resumo
A economia do Vietnã tem crescido fortemente nas últimas décadas, enquanto a poluição ambiental aumentou ao mesmo tempo. Essa situação torna o desenvolvimento humano sustentável uma preocupação importante para o país. O estudo examina a relação entre crescimento econômico, emissões de dióxido de carbono, investimento estrangeiro direto e o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH) no período de 1990 a 2023. Os dados são provenientes do Banco Mundial e do PNUD, e o modelo ARDL é aplicado na análise. O teste de cointegração confirma uma relação de longo prazo entre as variáveis. O crescimento econômico, medido pelo PIB, tem um efeito positivo sobre o Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano. No entanto, o PIB ao quadrado apresenta um coeficiente negativo. Isso mostra que, à medida que a renda aumenta, sua contribuição positiva para o bem-estar se torna menor. As emissões de dióxido de carbono reduzem o desenvolvimento humano no longo prazo, enquanto o investimento estrangeiro direto não apresenta efeito estatisticamente significativo. Esses resultados indicam que o Vietnã deve melhorar a qualidade do crescimento econômico, controlar as emissões de forma mais eficaz e selecionar os projetos de investimento com maior rigor para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável.
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