Palavras-chave
Human rights
Soviet Union
Tsarist Russia
Turkestan
Xinjiang Uyghur
Como Citar
Resumo
A Região Autônoma Uigur de Xinjiang (XUAR) começou em 1865 quando a Rússia czarista conseguiu gradualmente conquistar a parte ocidental do Turquestão. Posteriormente, a região do Turquestão Ocidental foi estabelecida. O Turquestão Ocidental foi dividido em cinco repúblicas com o estabelecimento da União Soviética em 1924: Cazaquistão, Uzbequistão, Turcomenistão, Quirguistão e Tadjiquistão. Em 1949, quando o Partido Comunista Chinês (PCC) venceu a eleição contra o Kuomintang (KMT), o nome da região foi mudado para Região Autônoma Uigur de Xinjiang. A raça de Xinjiang (novas fronteiras) pode ser dividida em dois grupos: povos não turcos (chineses han, russos, indianos e manchus) e turcos (indígenas de Xinjiang). Uyghur, Kazakh, Uzbek Kirghiz e Tajik são todas línguas turcas, com os uigures tendo a maior comunidade. Com base nessa descrição, este estudo examina a história da Região Autônoma Uigur de Xinjiang e sua existência no contexto das relações internacionais, bem como as condições de direitos humanos dos Uigures.
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